BREISGAU, Germany, Nov. 10, 2021 - Icaphuna ukwanda kokumelana nemithi elwa namagciwane ngokukhula emhlabeni jikelele, abacwaningi abavela kuFraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques (Fraunhofer IPM), abasebenza kanye nalabo abavela eLudwig Maximilian University of Munich, benze inqubo ngokushesha. ukuthola amagciwane amelana nemithi eminingi. Indlela ibucayi ngokwanele ukuthi ikwazi ukusebenzisa i-molecule eyodwa ye-DNA ukuze kutholwe i-pathogen.

Ukuthola isibulala-magciwane esisebenza kahle kakhulu ngokuvamile kudinga ulwazi mayelana nofuzo lwebhaktheriya, olungatholakali ngokuvamile ezenzweni zezokwelapha. Ukuhlola ilebhu ngokuvamile kuyadingeka, okwengeza isikhathi nobunkimbinkimbi kusesho. Indlela eyakhiwe abacwaningi isheshisa inqubo, isebenzisa i-microfluidic chip ukuze ibone futhi ihlaziye i-molecule eyodwa. Okugxilwe kukho kwephrojekthi ye-SiBoF (ama-signal booster for fluorescence assays in molecular diagnostics) ilele endleleni yokuthola indawo yokunakekela okulula ukuyisebenzisela. Abacwaningi balindele ukuthi inkundla izosetshenziswa njengengxenye yokuxilongwa kwezindawo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo emawadini asesibhedlela noma emikhubeni yezokwelapha njengenye indlela yokuhlaziywa kokusabela kweketango le-polymerase okusunguliwe.
Idivayisi ehlangene yokubona amagciwane amelana nemithi eminingi yenza zonke izigaba zokusabela ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi inikeza umphumela phakathi nehora elilodwa. Ngisho ne-molecule eyodwa ye-DNA yanele ukubonwa. Ngenhlonipho ye-Fraunhofer IPM
Ithimba labacwaningi eJalimane lenze inqubo yokuthola ngokushesha amagciwane amelana nezidakamizwa eziningi. Inqubo isebenzisa idivayisi ehlangene eyenza zonke izigaba zokusabela ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi inikeza umphumela phakathi nehora elilodwa. Ngisho ne-molecule eyodwa ye-DNA yanele ukubonwa. Ngokuhlonishwa kwe-Fraunhofer IPM.
Isiteji sokuhlola esiphathekayo, esihlangene sifakwe isistimu ye-fluidic ezenzakalelayo, lapho kugcinwa khona wonke ama-reagents adingekayo. I-microfluidic chip ebunjwe ngomjovo ifakwa ekhabetheni kusistimu yokuhlola, lapho inikezwa khona ngeziqinisekiso ezidingekayo ngesistimu ewuketshezi ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa kokubona.

“Sibona ingxenye ye-DNA strand yegciwane. Ngokusebenzisa inqubo yethu entsha, ngisho ne-molecule eyodwa ye-DNA ebophezela endaweni ethile ku-microfluidic chip yanele ukwenza lokhu. Amashaneli a-Fluidic ahlanganiswe ku-chip - izindawo ezingaphezulu ezihlanganiswe nezindawo ezibophezela amagciwane athile," kuchaza u-Benedikt Hauer, umphathi wephrojekthi kanye nososayensi wocwaningo kwa-Fraunhofer IPM.

Idivayisi yendawo yokunakekela inesibonakhulu esine-miniaturized high-resolution fluorescence. Isofthiwe yokuhlaziya isithombe ethuthukisiwe ikhomba i-molecule eyodwa, eyenza ama-molecule athagethiwe athagethiwe abalwe ukuze alethe umphumela wobuningi. I-fluorescence ivuselelwa kusetshenziswa ama-LED, anamathiselwe ngaphansi kwe-cartridge equkethe iziteshi ezimanzi.

Ngokuvamile, ama-molecule e-DNA okuhlosiwe atholwa kusetshenziswa izimpawu ezithile ze-fluorescence. Indlela entsha isebenzisa ama-antenna anobukhulu obungama-nanometer ubuhlalu, akhulisa izimpawu zalezi zomaka futhi esusa ukuthembela ekwandiseni amakhemikhali nge-PCR.

"Ama-antenna abonakalayo ahlanganisa izinhlayiya zensimbi ezinosayizi we-nanometer ezigxila ekukhanyeni endaweni encane futhi zisiza ekukhipheni ukukhanya - njengoba kwenza izimpondo ezinkulu ngamaza omsakazo," kusho u-Hauer. Izinhlayiya zensimbi ziboshwe ngamakhemikhali ebusweni be-chip.

Isakhiwo samangqamuzana e-DNA, abacwaningi abasichaza ngokuthi i-DNA origami, sibamba womabili ama-nanoparticles egolide endaweni. Phakathi kwama-nanoparticles, isakhiwo sihlinzeka ngendawo ebophezelayo ye-molecule eqondiwe efanele kanye nomaka we-fluorescence. Idizayini enelungelo lobunikazi inikeza isisekelo sobuchwepheshe bokuhlola inoveli.