Wafer akpa bụ a nkwakọ ngwọta maka okporo ọkụ wafer. Ọ nwere ike na ihe a chọrọ n'aka nke pụrụ iche nchekwa na njem. Wafer igbe nwere ike iji ụlọ ahịa achịcha dị fere fere, quartz efere, iko mpempe akwụkwọ, germanium mpempe akwụkwọ, sapphire efere, Gold plated na aluminized ngwaọrụ, etc. Fanye imewe na e nwere a ole na ole millimeters ọdịiche dị n'etiti mpempe na ibe. Ọ dị mfe iji na-ngwaahịa nke wafer igbe. Ha na-adabara nile di iche iche nke samples-egosipụta, na-ebu, storeing, ụgbọ njem, wdg